A vitamin deficiency occurs when the body doesn't get a particular vitamin for an extended period of time. A deficiency disease can occur if a deficiency goes on for too long. A classic example of a deficiency disease is when those who do not get enough vitamin C for a prolonged period of time develop scurvy (vitamin C-deficiency disease). Before someone starts showing signs of deficiency disease, they will normally have signs of subclinical deficiency (also known as a marginal vitamin deficiency).
Common Symptoms of Vitamin Deficiency Include:
- Fatigue
- Irritability
- Nervousness
- Depression
- Allergies
- Insomnia
- Frequent minor colds or illnesses
Who's at Risk of Vitamin Deficiency?
Those who rarely eat fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables are the best natural sources of vitamins; however, only 25% of Americans eat the recommended five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Those under a high amount of stress. The body uses a lot of vitamins and minerals to produce stress hormones.
Those experiencing illness or recovering from surgery. Those who are sick or recovering usually don't feel like eating, and the body needs a lot of vitamins and minerals to help itself heal.
Those who have asthma. Researchers at the University of California found those with asthma have low magnesium intake.
Women who are pregnant or nursing. Those women who are pregnant or nursing may need extra vitamins because they are passing their vitamins and minerals on to their baby.
Men and women who are seriously depressed. Those who experience depression usually do not eat well and may not get much needed nutrients from food. Also, a vitamin deficiency can sometimes cause depression.
Those who smoke. Smokers have an increased need for vitamins, especially vitamins C and E.
Those who drink a lot of alcohol. Alcohol depletes vitamins from the body.
The best way to avoid vitamin deficiency is to eat a healthy diet filled with fruits, vegetables, lean cuts of meat, complex carbs, and healthy fats. Avoiding alcohol or drinking in moderation and not smoking can decrease the risk of nutrient depletion. In addition, taking a good quality supplement can ensure the body is getting adequate nutrition.
While eating well and taking a supplement are important in ensuring the body is getting the vitamins and nutrients it needs, if someone develops the above symptoms or other symptoms that are out of the ordinary, they should talk with their doctor. Most vitamin deficiencies can be detected through a blood test.
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