Research as shown that nutrition should be included as part of a persons HIV treatment. Following a nutrient dense diet and maintaining a healthy body weight can help slow the progression of the HIV disease and increase quality of life.
The Importanance of Nutrition in the Treatment of HIV
Proper nutrition is a critical part of the treatment HIV. Clinical studies have shown that if a high intake of vitamins such as niacin, vitamin C, B12 and thiamine are include as part of the HIV treatment they may help slow the progression of HIV to AIDS. Eating a diet that is high in foods such as nuts, citric fruits, fish, and green leafy vegetables will help ensure the intake of important nutrients. Many doctors will also recommend taking a daily multivitamin.
HIV and Weight Loss
A common symptom of HIV is weight loss and muscle wasting. People being treated for HIV may have problems with inadequate absorption and digestion of nutrients, nausea, mouth sores and decreased appetite, all of which can contribute to weight loss and malnutrition. The weight loss and muscle wasting has been associated with increased risk of opportunistic infection and death.
It is important to develop healthy nutrition habits early on to help prevent weight loss before it starts. This is because it can be more difficult to re-gain weight than to maintain a healthy weight.
Ask yourself the following questions to help make sure you are maintaining a healthy weight and eating well:
- Have you gained or lost weight recently?
- Are there any changes in your body shape?
- Do you have any new problems that may make you eat less? For example, have you experienced diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite or taste change?
- Do you eat two meals or less a day?
- Do you exercise regularly?
If you answer yes to any of these questions, it is time to start taking steps to improve your nutritional intake. If you are experiencing weight loss or a decrease in appetite, eating foods that are high in calories and protein should be added to your diet. Adding foods such as whole milk, cheese, cream sauces, dried fruit, and canned fruit packed in heavy syrup can help boost calorie intake. Nutrition supplements such as instant breakfast, Boost or Ensure are also a good source of calories and protein.
Diarrhea and vomiting are common side effects of medications that are used in the treatment of HIV. With both diarrhea and vomiting, it is important to replace fluids that have been lost. Drink plenty of non-alcoholic and non-caffeinated drinks throughout the day, not just with meals. You should also eat foods that are easy digest, such as white bread, saltine crackers, rice cereals and applesauce. Consuming six small frequent meals instead of three large ones can help not to overwhelm your system. Also inform your doctor about any negative side effects you are having as he or she may be able to provide options for relief.
By including nutrition as part of your HIV treatment, you will be able to maintain a healthy body weight, treat common HIV symptoms and improve the overall quality of life.
References:
- Mahan, L. Kathleen and Escott-Stump, Sylvia. Krause’s Food, Nutrition, and Diet Therapy. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Sunders, 2004
- Escott-Sump, Sylvia. Nutrition and Diagnosis-Related Care. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002
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